Understanding Red
Light Therapy

Discover how red and near-infrared light therapy works at the cellular level to reduce pain, accelerate healing, and improve performance.

The Science of Red Light Therapy

Photobiomodulation uses specific wavelengths of light to trigger biological effects in your cells, promoting healing and recovery.

Red Light Therapy Wavelength Spectrum

600nm 700nm 800nm 900nm
633nm

Red Light for optimal for skin regeneration and surface tissue repair.

Red Light (630–660nm)

  • Skin regeneration
  • Collagen production
  • Superficial tissue repair

Near-Infrared (810–850nm)

  • Deep tissue penetration
  • Joint & muscle recovery
  • Nerve regeneration
Red light therapy penetrating body tissue
Red Light (630–660nm)
Penetrates 2–3mm into tissue
Near-Infrared (810–850nm)
Penetrates 5–10mm into tissue

Light Output

12–15 J/cm²

Wavelengths

633nm & 850nm

Power Output

330–380 mW/cm²

Per Point

16–41 seconds

A Revolution in Healing

Discover why modern LED-based light therapy is a safer, more effective, and practical alternative to traditional lasers for a vast array of conditions.

Enhanced Safety

LEDs produce virtually no heat, eliminating the risk of tissue damage. Safe for the eyes without needing protective eyewear.

Wider Treatment Area

The wider aperture of LED probes allows for the treatment of larger body areas, making sessions faster and more efficient.

Practical & Portable

Lightweight, robust, and battery-operated, perfect for both clinical and home use, offering unparalleled convenience.

Cost-Effective

LED technology is significantly more affordable than traditional lasers, making advanced light therapy accessible to more people.

A Versatile Treatment for Numerous Conditions

By enhancing cellular energy and promoting natural healing, red light is effective across a wide range of applications.

Orthopedic

  • Soft Tissue Injuries
  • Arthritic Conditions
  • Fracture Healing
  • Nerve Regeneration

Respiratory

  • Sinusitis & Rhinopathy
  • Bronchospasm
  • Inflammatory Lung Tissue
  • Asthma Support

Dermatological

  • Acne & Eczema
  • Psoriasis
  • Keloid Scars
  • Cold Sores (Herpes)

Vascular & Wounds

  • Acute & Chronic Wounds
  • Venous Ulcers
  • Lymphatic Drainage
  • Pressure Sores

Cellular Response to Light Therapy

How Light Therapy Works

Understanding the science behind photobiomodulation therapy

1

LIGHT ABSORPTION

Red and near-infrared wavelengths (630-850 nm) penetrate the skin and are absorbed by cellular photoreceptors.

2

CELLULAR STIMULATION

The light energy boosts mitochondrial ATP production, triggering a cascade of beneficial cellular effects.

3

HEALING RESPONSE

Inflammation drops, circulation rises and tissue repairs faster, delivering natural pain relief.

Key Therapeutic Benefits

Reduced Inflammation

Decreases inflammatory markers and cytokines, reducing swelling and associated pain.

Improved Circulation

Increases blood flow and formation of new capillaries for better oxygen delivery.

Accelerated Repair

Stimulates collagen production and cell proliferation for faster tissue and wound healing.

Pain Relief

Reduces nerve sensitivity and increases endorphin production for natural pain relief.

What the Research Shows

Findings from peer-reviewed clinical trials and meta-analyses.

Pain Relief

22 wks

Sustained pain relief after treatment

A meta-analysis of 16 randomised controlled trials (820 patients) found that LLLT reduces acute neck pain immediately after treatment, with pain relief persisting for up to 22 weeks after the final session in chronic cases.

Chow et al. — The Lancet, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(09)61522-1

Joint Pain & Mobility

29.8mm

Mean pain reduction on visual analogue scale

A systematic review of 20 trials on chronic joint disorders found a mean weighted pain reduction of 29.8mm on the VAS in favour of active LLLT, alongside improved global health status compared to control groups.

Bjordal et al. — Physiotherapy Research International, 2003. DOI: 10.1002/pri.289

Tissue Repair

+31%

Increase in procollagen production

Red light irradiation at 633nm–660nm has been shown to increase procollagen levels by 31% in treated tissue, alongside a measurable decrease in matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity — supporting faster wound closure and improved tissue remodelling.

Barolet et al. — Journal of Investigative Dermatology, 2009. DOI: 10.1038/jid.2008.237

Research & Evidence

Key scientific studies supporting the efficacy of photobiomodulation therapy for pain, recovery, and cellular health.

Journal of Athletic Training

Therapeutic Photobiomodulation Before Strenuous Exercise Attenuates Shoulder Muscle Fatigue

Peer-Reviewed 2024

Lasers in Medical Science

High-Intensity versus Low-Level Laser Therapy in Patients with Knee Osteoarthritis

Peer-Reviewed 2014

Journal of Biophotonics

Photobiomodulation in Human Muscle Tissue: An Advantage in Sports Performance?

Peer-Reviewed 2016
View Full Research Library

Key Research Findings

Cellular Effects

  • Increases ATP production in treated cells
  • Stimulates release of nitric oxide, improving blood flow
  • Reduces oxidative stress by neutralising free radicals
  • Activates growth factors for tissue repair

Clinical Outcomes

  • Significant reduction in chronic pain intensity (Bjordal et al., 2003)
  • Sustained pain relief up to 22 weeks post-treatment (Chow et al., Lancet 2009)
  • Accelerated wound closure and collagen remodelling (Barolet et al., 2009)
  • Measurable reduction in muscle fatigue and recovery time (Ferraresi et al., 2016)

Light Therapy Glossary

Key terms to understand photobiomodulation therapy.

Photobiomodulation (PBM)

The scientific term for light therapy that uses red and near-infrared wavelengths to stimulate cellular function, reduce inflammation, and promote healing.

Mitochondria

The powerhouse of the cell, responsible for producing ATP energy. Mitochondria are the primary target of red light therapy, absorbing photons through cytochrome c oxidase.

Wavelength

Measured in nanometers (nm), wavelength determines the colour of light and how deeply it penetrates tissue. Photizo devices use 633nm red light, which is clinically recognised for pain relief and tissue repair.

ATP (Adenosine Triphosphate)

The primary energy carrier in cells. Light therapy increases ATP production, giving cells more fuel for repair, regeneration, and normal function.

Joules

The unit of energy delivered during treatment. Optimal therapeutic dose typically ranges from 3–15 joules per cm², depending on the condition being treated.

Nitric Oxide

A signalling molecule released during light therapy that improves blood flow, oxygen delivery, and triggers a cascade of healing mechanisms at the cellular level.

Power Density

Measured in mW/cm², this indicates the intensity of light delivered to tissue. Photizo devices operate at 330–380 mW/cm², delivering an effective therapeutic dose in a short treatment time.

Cytokines

Signalling proteins involved in the inflammatory response. Light therapy helps regulate both pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines to support the healing process without suppressing it.

Chromophores

Light-sensitive molecules in cells that absorb photons. Cytochrome c oxidase in the mitochondria is the primary chromophore targeted by red light therapy.

Biphasic Dose Response

The principle that light therapy has an optimal dose window — too little energy has no effect, while too much can inhibit the therapeutic response. Getting the dose right is why treatment time matters.